自然唯物主义的复兴——美国生态学的马克思主义哲学评析

Reviving Natural Materialism: A Critique of American Ecological Marxist Philosophy

生态学的马克思主义哲学是美国马克思主义哲学最具有原创性的方面。从哲学形态的建构上看,美国生态学的马克思主义哲学有两种不同的理论体系:自然唯物主义的生态哲学与文化唯物主义的生态哲学。美国生态学的马克思主义哲学以对人与自然生态关系的探究和对自然异化的批判,分别在自然和历史两个层面上复兴了马克思主义自然观,扬弃了传统的马克思主义哲学和欧洲批判的马克思主义哲学的片面性,揭示了马克思主义自然理论对于我们思考和解决全球化时代的政治、经济发展问题的意义。

Ecological Marxist Philosophy (EMP) is the most creative part of the American Marxist philosophy. American EMP has two diverse theories: natural materialism and cultural materialism, which revive Marxist conception of nature on the levels of nature and history respectively through exploring the ecological relations between human and nature and criticizing the alienation of nature. American EMP sublates the one-sidedness of traditional Marxist philosophy and European Critical Marxist Philosophy, revealing the implications of Marxist conception of nature for our present task of solving political and economic problems in the era of globalization.