火山活动对南半球平流层气候异常变化的影响

THE INFLUENCE OF VOLCANIC ACTIVITIES ON THE ABNORMAL CHANGES OF CLIMATE IN STRATOSPHERE AT THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE

文中利用逐次滤波法分析结果表明 ,火山活动能引起平流层较大幅度增温 ,对于南半球 70hPa高空气候异常变化的影响超过了总方差的 1 6 % ;火山活动影响最显著的高度是平流层 70hPa约1 5～ 2 2km高空 ,由此高度向上或向下 ,火山活动的影响都逐渐减小 ;火山活动引起平流层大气升温的同时还将引起对流层大气降温 ,其分界线大致位于对流层顶 30 0hPa附近。平流层高空气候异常变化还具有显著的 2 2a变化周期和 1 1a变化周期 ,分析认为是大气温度场对太阳磁场磁性 2 2a周期和太阳黑子 1 1a周期变化的响应 ,其方差贡献率超过 8%。

The results obtained by using the successive filtering analysis method show that the volcanic activities can cause the temperature of the stratosphere a comparatively big increase. The influence on the abnormal changes of climate at 70 hPa height in the Southern Hemisphere is greater than 16% of the total variance. The influence of the volcanic activities is most notable at the stratosphere of 70 hPa about 15～22 km high. Above or below this height, the influence of volcanic activities decreases gradually. At the same time, the volcanic activities can cause the atmospheric temperature of the troposphere to decrease. The boundary locates at the top of the troposphere, about 300 hPa. The abnormal changes of the climate in the stratosphere have marked periods of 22 and 11 years, which are considered as the response of the atmospheric temperature field to the abnormal changes of the solar magnetic field with period of 22 and of the activity of sun spots with the period of 11 years. The contribution of the changes of the atmospheric temperature field to the variance is greater than 8%.