区域生态地球化学预警:问题与讨论

EARLY WARNING ON REGIONAL ECOLOGICAL GEOCHEMISTRY: PROBLEMS AND DISCUSSIONS

通过对美国BigMoose湖鱼类死亡和德国莱茵河流域Cd污染的生态地球化学预警例案分析 ,就中国将要开展的区域生态地球化学预警所面临的问题进行了讨论 ,指出中国正在进行的多目标地球化学填图项目 ,其实质是对整个生态系统进行地球化学填图。进行区域生态地球化学预警时 ,战略上应以跨生态系统的江河流域为重点 ,尤其对沿长江流域分布的镉异常 ,沿江各省应有全局观念 ,把长江流域作为一个整体 ,进行镉异常的生态地球化学预警研究 ;战术上 ,应在可持续发展的框架下 ,充分考虑大气生物水土等层圈各项预警指标的协调一致。生态地球化学预警研究是一个全新的研究方向 ,中国拥有全球独一无二的区域地球化学资料 ,开展区域生态地球化学预警研究 ,不但有可能使中国勘查地球化学在国际上继续占有重要地位 。

Through brief review on geochemical mapping in China and abroad, the authors point out that the multi-purpose geochemical mapping now being carried out in China is essentially the geochemical mapping for the whole ecological system. According to demands and working plan of multi-purpose geochemical investigation in China, we put forward essential contents and tasks of ecological geochemical study. Ecological geochemistry will become one of main streams of exploration geochemistry in China. During implementation of early warning on regional ecological geochemistry , we should pay attention to drainage areas across different ecological systems strategically, especially Cd anomaly distribution along the Yangtze River. The relevant provinces along the Yangtze River should be considered as a whole in ecological geochemical early warning on Cd anomalies. Tactically, under the framework of sustainable development, the index of ecological geochemical early warning should be consistent with each other in order to consider the interaction among atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and soil. Because ecological geochemical early warning is a new research direction and China has unique regional geochemical data globally, regional ecological early warning may not only maintain our country’s important status in exploration geochemistry, but also provide exciting opportunity for development of exploration geochemistry.