大气污染定量遥感方法及其在长江三角洲的应用

METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE REMOTE SENSING FOR AIR POLLUTION MONITORING AND ITS APPLICATION IN CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA AREA

分析了人为气溶胶的光学特性和卫星遥感象元信息构成的物理机制 ,并对象元信息概化为土壤、植被、水分等基本信息组分和污染气溶胶信息按一定方式的非线性集合 .采用多波段卫星遥感数据 ,建立象元信息组合联立方程组进行象元信息分解 ,从TM卫星数据直接定量提取以象元为单元的区域大气人为气溶胶混浊度 .实验结果表明 ,所提取的污染信息精度满足要求 .应用该方法对长江三角洲地区 1984年和 1997年的污染情况进行探测 。

Optical characteristics of synthetic aerosol and the information composition of pixel in remotely sensed data are analyzed. The information of every pixel can be generalized as the sum of soil, vegetation, and water or moisture with nonlinear relationship. Then a group of equations based of multi-channel remote sensing data can be built to decompose the pixel information and quantitatively retrieve the synthetic aerosol turbidity using Landsat TM data. The results of experiment show that the accuracy of air pollution information retrieved satisfies the requirement. Applying this model, air pollution circumstances over the Changjiang River Delta area in 1984 and in 1997 were detected, respectively. The results indicated that the area and the intensity of air pollution over this region are increasing quickly.