高速列车隧道压力波浅水槽模拟试验研究

Shallow-water Simulation Experiment and Study of Pressure Waves Produced when a High Speed Train Enters a Tunnel

当高速列车进入隧道时,在列车前端的隧道空间引起空气的不稳定流动并形成压力波,压力波的形成可以通过自由表面水波运动的水波高度与可压缩流体运动压力的相似关系来模拟。本文介绍了自建的浅水槽模拟试验装置,并利用该装置研究了高速列车进入隧道时引起的压力波动。实验结果表明,压力波浅水槽模拟试验方法及其试验台的研制是成功的,测试结果可以用来校核复杂结构隧道压力波的数值计算。

When a high-speed train enters a tunnel, an unsteady flow of air occurs in the tunnel near the front end of the train and causes pressure waves. Formation of these waves can be studied by making use of the hydraulic analogy to compressible fluid flows. This paper introduces the self-made shallow water simulation experimental equipment. Using the equipment we have studied the pressure waves produced when a high-speed train enters a tunnel. The experiment result shows that the shallow water simulation experimental method and equipment are successful and the result can be used to check the numerical calculation of pressure waves in complex geometry structure tunnels.