客货共运线路轨道不平顺不利波长的分析研究

Study of the Detrimental Wavelengths of Track Irregularities for Railways with Passenger and Freight Traffic

我国铁路主要是客货共运线路,客车的速度可达140～160km/h,而货车的速度只有80km/h左右。货车与客车的车辆结构动力性能存在较大的差异,所以对轨道结构的几何形位的要求也有所不同。为了使客车和货车都能在同一线路上安全、平稳地运行,则必须对轨道不平顺与车辆运行平稳性和安全性之间的关系进行研究。本文利用计算机动力模拟仿真计算轨道不平顺激扰下客车和货车的动力响应,对轨道随机不平顺与不同类型车辆的车体加速度之间的关系进行了相干分析和功率谱分析,计算得出了引起客车和货车较大动力响应的轨道不平顺不利波长。然后对两者的不利波长进行了分析,归纳出了客货共运线路的轨道不平顺不利波长范围,为现场轨道不平顺的养护维修和管理提供了理论和实践指导。

Most railways in China are lines with passenger and freight traffic. The passenger train speed may reach 140～160 km/h whereas the freight train speed is only about 80 km/h. Dynamic characteristics differ greatly between the two types of vehicles, so do their requirements for track geometry. To ensure safe and stabile running of both passenger and freight trains on the same line, the relationship between train running safety and stability and track irregularities must be studied. The paper uses computer simulation of trains running on the irregular track and calculates the vibration responses of the two-type car bodies. The power spectra density and coherence function are used to analyze the detrimental wavelengths of the track irregularities that induce large vibration responses to passenger and freight cars. At the end of the paper, the scope of detrimental wavelengths of track irregularities is defined for railway lines with passenger and freight traffic, thus providing theoretical and practical guidance for maintenance of geometrically irregular track and relevant managerial work.