微波免疫荧光法快速检测血清抗体

Quick Detection of Antibody in Serum with Microwave Immunofluorescence Method

目的 建立快速检测血清中肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)抗体和狂犬抗体的微波免疫荧光方法。方法 通过直接免疫荧光技术筛选出微波免疫荧光方法最适的反应条件 ;收集临床诊断疑似HFRS病人的血清和注射狂犬疫苗 5针免疫后 10d的血清各 5 0份 ,采用微波免疫荧光法快速检测血清中的HFRS抗体和狂犬抗体 ,其结果与常规的间接免疫荧光方法做比较。结果 筛选出微波免疫荧光法最适的反应条件是 40 %的微波强度反应 1min ,其次是 2 0 %的微波强度反应 2min ,其余反应条件不适合。微波免疫荧光法检出HFRS抗体阳性血清 16份 ,阳性率为 3 2 .0 % ,GMT为160 .0 ,常规免疫荧光法检出的阳性率与微波免疫荧光法一致 ,GMT为 167.1,经统计学处理 ,二者之间差异无显著性 ;微波免疫荧光法检出狂犬抗体阳性血清 43份 ,阳性率为 86.0 % ,GMT为 83 .93 ,常规免疫荧光法检出狂犬抗体阳性血清 45份 ,阳性率为 90 .0 % ,GMT为 87.70 ,经统计学处理 ,二者之间差异亦无显著性。结论 微波免疫荧光法快速、简便 ,具有高敏感性和特异性 ,可应用于快速诊断中 ,适合基层单位推广使用。

Objective Developing microwave immunofluorescence method for quick detection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and rabies virus antibody. Methods Screening out the best reaction conditions of the microwave immunofluorescence method by direct immunofluorescence technology; Examining HFRS antibody in 50 serum samples from suspicious HFRS patients and rabies antibody in 50 serum samples from human 10 days after 5 injections of rabies vaccine with the microwave immunofluorescence method and comparing the results with those of the routine indirect immunofluorescence test. Results The best reaction condition was treatment with 40% microwave intensity in 1 min and the secondary was treatment with 20% microwave intensity in 2 min. The others were imprecticable. 16 samples were judged positive of HFRS antibody ( GMT= 160.0) by the microwave immunofluorescence method and the positive rate was 32%. The result was just the same as that of the routine method ( GMT= 167.1) and they had no considerable difference statistically.43 samples were judged positive of rabies antibody ( GMT= 83.93) by microwave immunofluorescence method and the positive rate was 86%.Comparing with the positive number of 45 ( GMT= 87.70)and the positive rate of 90% resulted by the routine method, the result showed no considerable statistic difference. Conclusion The microwave immunofluorescence method is quick and easy with high sensitivity and specificity. It can be used for quick diagnosis and is applicable in base units.