云南大理吸虱昆虫调查初报

Primary Investigation on Sucking Lice in Dali, Yunnan, China

目的 初步了解云南大理吸虱种类分布状况。方法 用鼠笼加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物 (小兽 )宿主 ,用全捕法采集其体表的全部吸虱。吸虱经过常规逐级脱水、透明、干燥处理、制成玻片标本后于显微镜下逐一鉴定。结果从各种生境捕获啮齿目、食虫目、攀目等小型哺乳动物 (小兽 ) 2 2种 63 6只 ,采集吸虱 80 5 1只 ,经分类鉴定 ,隶属 4科 5属 14种。多数小兽宿主体表仅采获吸虱 1～ 2种 ,少数宿主有 3～ 4种。各小兽宿主体表吸虱群落简单 ,物种丰富度和生物多样性均很低 ,大多数优势虱种的相对优势度很高 ,优势种地位突出。结论 小兽体表吸虱种类单一 ,物种多样性低 ,多数吸虱的宿主特异性较高。

Objective To understand the species and distribution of sucking lice on small mammals in Dali, Yunnan Province,China. Methods The small mammals are captured by mouse traps. The sucking lice on the body surface of small mammals were all collected. Every individual of the sucking lice was made into slide in a conventional way and then identified. Results 636 individuals of 22 species of small mammals were captured and 8 051 individuals of sucking lice from the hosts were collected. The collected lice are identified as 14 species of five genera of four families. There are only one or two species of lice on most small mammals body surface and few hosts have three or four louse species. The louse communities on small mammal hosts are quite simple with lower species richness and diversity and with a high dominance index. Conclusion Small mammals usually have fewer species (one or two species) of sucking lice on their body surface with less species diversity. Most species of sucking lice usually have a high host specificity.