王船山《正蒙注》的存神尽性论(下)

On"Cun Shen Jin Xing"of Wang Chuanshan's Zheng meng Zhu (Ⅱ)

四、存神尽性 以上所论是<正蒙注>的心性论观点,现在来看<正蒙注>存神尽性的功夫论.船山在对<正蒙>的太和篇的解释中,在许多横渠论天道的地方都转向了人道的解释,如他在对<正蒙>"不如野马纲缊,不足谓之太和"的解释中,便特别提出,人生的理想境界是"肖太和之本体":此言体道者不于物感未交、喜怒哀乐未倚之中,合气于神,合神于性,以健顺五常之理融会于清通,生气变化而有滞有息,则不足以肖太和之本体,而用亦不足以行矣.(太和)[42]

The issue of 'Cun Shen Jin Xing' is of great significance as it is the foothold of Wang Chuanshan's 'Zhang Zi Zheng Meng Zhu' and involves the basic tenet of 'Zheng Meng Zhu'. 'Shen' refers to mentality, 'Xing' human nature and 'Cun' and 'Jin' the effort to preserve and exert, of which the paper focuses on the discussion of the first two. The paper holds that the effort to maintain mentality and exert humanity as discussed by Wang Chuanshan is not very clear, but it can be generalized that the academic meaning of it is to include both reason and culture, its ethic meaning is to break the barrier of material desires and try to reach the situation of overcoming all material things, and its cosmological meaning is the super-moral religious universe ideology of spiritual immorality.