“奴”与“人”:灵魂的审判和拷问——鲁迅随笔综论之四

Slave" and "Person": Trial and Interrogation of Soul--Summaries of Luxin's jottings

鲁迅的启蒙思想是"立人"思想,即紧紧扭住"奴"如何转变成"人"这一核心问题展开的。如果按照人们所处的地位、身份来划分,他笔下言说的对象主要有三类,即统治者、民众、知识分子。在这三类中,统治者的专制制度和愚民政策是造成后两类"奴性"根源的缘由。因此,鲁迅在对这三类的分析、批判和解构的过程中,始终围绕着"立人"思想,即从铲除"奴性"产生的根源入手,进行了前所未有、令人颤栗的"灵魂"的审判和拷问。

The enlightening thought of Luxun is the idea of 'Establishing Human', which is to elaborate the core issue of how to turn 'slaves' into 'human'. He divided the features he described into three kinds, the rulers, the masses and the intellectuals according to their social status and background. Among the three groups, the autocratic systems and obscurantist policy are the causes of turning the masses and intellectuals into 'slaves'. In his analysis, criticism and explanation focusing on the idea of 'Establishing Human', starting from the view of eradicating the origin of 'slave', Luxun tried and interrogated the 'Soul' unprecedentedly and profoundly in his jottings.