试论《道德经》军事人道主义战争观

A Trial Talk of the War Outlook of Military Humanism in 《The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao》

老子以"道法自然"为逻辑起点,以"天道尚慈"为哲学依据,提出了军事人道主义战争观,对战争的本质、性质和起源以及军事战略战术原则作了独具匠心的回答。"处柔、主静、守中"是《老子》军事人道主义的三大基本运行法则。道家对"人"的终极关怀,"处柔克刚"、"不争而善胜"、"恬然为上"的战略思想以及"欲擒故纵"、"以奇用兵"等战术理念是中国兵学史上的宝贵精神财富,至今对现代军事研究仍不失借鉴价值。

Taking'natural attainments of a Taoist priest'as logic starting points and 'merciful heavenly law' as philosophic basis,Laocius advanced the war outlook of military humanism and made an ingenious answer to the essence,character and origin of war and military strategy and tactics.'Being in gentleness,advocating tranquilization and keeping moderation'were the three basic working laws of military humanism in 《Laocius》. Taoists' ultimate concern for man,strategical concept such as 'gentleness vanquishing firmness'、'winning without fighting'and 'calmness being superior'and the tactical conception of 'leaving somebody at large the better to apprehend him'、'winning by means of a surprise attack'and so on were valuable spiritual wealth in Chinese history of military science,which is still worth using for reference in the modern military researches.