高温超导交流电缆电流分布及结构优化的研究

Study on the Current Distribution and Structural Optimization of a High-Temperature Superconducting AC Power Cable

针对高温超导电缆各导电层电流分配不均将导致交流损耗增大的问题,计算了导电层自感和层间互感,然后依据超导电缆的等效电路模型,给出了求解各层电流的电路矩阵方程.以各导电层的绕向角、绕制方向和层半径为优化变量,以各层电流均衡分布建立目标函数,考虑带材的机械性能、临界电流等约束条件,采用遗传-模拟退火优化方法,对电缆导电层进行结构参数优化.计算结果表明,通过优化调整电缆导电层的结构参数,各层电流可以达到均衡分布,交流损耗显著降低.

For a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable, the non-uniform AC current distribution among the multi-layer conductors gives rise to the increased AC losses. The self- and mutual- inductances are calculated for the multi-layer conductors. Based on the equivalent circuit model of a superconducting cable, the current matrix equation is constructed to determine the current distribution. The winding angle, winding direction and radius of each layer are selected as the optimization variables and a uniform current distribution among the multi-layer conductors is set as the objective. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current of the tape, the structure parameters of the multi-layer conductors are optimized by the genetic-simulated annealing algorithm. The results manifest that by optimization of the structure parameters a uniform current distribution among layers can be realized, thus the AC losses can be reduced substantially.