河南产花背蟾蜍的核型研究

Analyses of the karyotype of the Henan Bufo Raddei strauch

采用骨髓细胞蒸汽固定的方法,对河南产花背蟾蜍(Buforaddeistrauch)的染色体组型分析表明,河南产花背蟾蜍的二倍体染色体数目为2n=22,20m+2sm,可分为五组,除第4染色体为亚中部着丝点染色体外,其余均为中部着丝点染色体.包括6对大型染色体和5对小型染色体,各对染色体之间在形态上可以区分,雌雄个体之间没有可察觉的差异.与北京产花背蟾蜍作比较,发现二者在核型上有微小而又重要的差别,主要涉及随体的位置,前者随体在第4染色体长臂末端,后者的随体在第4染色体短臂末端.本文还探讨了提高蟾蜍分裂指数的几种方法,结果表明注射葡萄糖酵母汁能明显提高有丝分裂指数.

The chromosome specimens from the bone marrow cell of Bufo Raddei strauch were prepared by steam-fixed method and the karyotype was analysed in conventional methods. Karyotypes of 2n=22,20 m+2 sm were characterised by six pairs of acrochromosomes and five pairs of microchromosomes. There is no substantial difference between the male and the female. They are metacentric chromosomes except No.4 which is submetacentric. Compared with BeiJing Bufo Raddei strauch which have satellite in the terminal of the long arm of No.4, the Henan Bufo Raddei strauch have satellite in the terminal of the short arm of the same chromosome pair.The several methods that would increase mitotic index were compared.