三种蝮蛇抗栓酶的毒性及性质的实验研究

Experimental Study of the Toxicity and Characteristic of Antithrombotic Esterases from Three Species of Pit Viper

三种蝮蛇抗栓酶的毒性强度用LD_(50)表示,分别是,蛇岛蝮蛇抗栓酶为1.68±0.35u/kg,东北陆生白眉蝮蛇抗栓酶为5.23±0.61u/kg,浙江蝮蛇抗栓酶为1.94±0.15u/kg。对家兔亚急性毒性实验表明,对血细胞、肝及肾功能、脏器等无明显影响。蛇岛蝮蛇抗栓酶可减少血小板的数量。东北陆生白眉蝮蛇抗栓酶和浙江蝮蛇抗栓酶具有体外血浆凝固性。蛇岛蝮蛇抗栓酶、东北陆生白眉蝮蛇抗栓酶表现了以血循环毒为主的毒性,浙江蝮蛇抗栓酶表现了以神经毒为主的毒性。

The toxicity and characteristic of antithrombotic esterases from three different species of pit viper were studied. The LD_(50)'s of antithrombotic esterases from Agkistrodon Shedaoensis(Zhao), A. halys(Pallas)and A. halys brevicaudus(Stejeger) were 1.68±0.53u/kg, 1.94±0.15u/kg and 5.23±0.61u/kg, respeetively. The results of short-term toxicity test on rabbits showed that none of the three antithrombotic esterases had remarkable toxic effect on blood cells and functions of liver and kidney. Antithrombotic esterases from A. h. (P.)and A. h. b. (S.)could induce plasma coagulation in vitro. Antithrombotic esterase from A. Sh(Zh)and A. h. b. (S.)showed mainly circulatory toxicity while that from A. h. (P.)showed mainly neurotoxicity.