论明清之际东北边疆城镇的衰落

On the Decline of the Borderland Towns in Northeastern China during the Period from the End of the Ming Dynasty to the Beginning of the Qing Dynasty

文章对明清时期东北边疆城镇兴衰过程进行了探讨。认为由于战略地位的重要和军事斗争的需要 ,明在辽东兴建了大批城镇 ,但至明清之际 ,因后金 (清 )采取了“毁城迁民”的政策 ,明代以来在辽东地区兴起的城镇遭到了毁灭性打击。至康熙中期 ,辽东城镇仍未恢复元气 ,其原因主要在于大量人口的外迁和清在东北实行封禁政策。

The paper discusses the rise and decline of the borderland towns in northeastern China during the period from the end of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. It argues that the Ming Dynasty built many towns in Liaodong because of its important strategic position and the necessity of military defence. During the transition period from the Ming to the Qing Dynasty, however, the towns built during the Ming Dynasty were destroyed because the Late Jin (Qing) Dynasty adopted a policy of 'destroying town and moving people'. Not until the middle of the reign of Kangxi did the towns resume their vigor; the reasons for this were the emigration of a lot of people and the Qing Dynasty policy of prohibiting to immigration.