中国南方11个少数民族血清转铁蛋白C亚型的遗传多态性

Transferrin Subtypes in 11 South China Minority Populations

用超薄等电聚焦电泳和利凡诺-硫酸亚铁铵样品处理法,分析中国南方11个少数民族共计2121人的血清转铁蛋白C(TfC)亚型多态。结果Tf^(C1),Tf^(C2)和Tf^(Dhi)存在于所有被查群体中,而Tf^B则完全缺乏。在3个群体中发现Tf^(C4),6个群体中发现Tf^(C3),二者的频率都小于0.01。在布依族中发现罕见的TfC4-2型,黎族中发现TfC4-4型,哈尼族中发现TfC4-1型,哈尼族和黎族中分别发现TfC3-2型;另在布依族和彝族中发现TfDChi纯合子。11个少数民族的Tf^(C2)频率变动范围为0.25～0.38,比以前报道的中国汉族群体Tf^(C2)频率为0.18～0.25高得多,特別是白族群体的Tf^(C2)频率已达到世界范围的最高值(0.38)。笔者认为中国南方少数民族Tf^(C2)频率高的原因,除与民族差异有关外,可能还与地理环境气候及人群相对隔离有关。Tf^(C4)虽然在中国人群中出现的频率较低,但似乎支持美印地安人中高频率的Tf^(C4)来源于祖先的蒙古人种这一论点。

Transferrin subtypes were determined by isoelectric focussing (IEF)and a special treatment of sera with Rivanol-ferrous ammunium sulfate (FAS) in a total of 2121 individuals from 11 southern minority populations in China, including Hani minority (217), Buyi minority (209), Tujia minority (168), Miao minority (197), Zhuang minority (171), Yao minority (210), Bai minority(178), Dong minority (157), Yi minority (206), Qiang minority (219) and Li minority (189). Tf^(C1), Tf^(C2) and Tf^(DChi) were present in all the populations, whereas Tf^B was totally lacking. Tf^(C4) was found in only 3 populations and Tf^(C3) in 6; both were present at frequencies of less than 0.01 in all the populations. We found rare phenotypes TfC4-2, TfC4-4, TfC4-1, TfC3-2 and TfD Ching in these populations. The distributions of Tf^(C2) and Tf^(C4) frequency were notable. In these minority groups, the frequencies of the C2 gene were higher (0.25～0.38) than those of the majority Chinese Han nationality (0.18～0.25). In the Bai minority, the Tf^(C2) gene frequency was as high as 0.38, the highest value found in the world to date. Besides being found in US and South American, the Tf^(C2) allele is also present in both Han and minority nationalties in China, although at a frequency less than 0.01, suggesting that the C4 allele probably to ancesalready existed in the ancestral Mongoloid population at a low frequency prior tral separation and increased in frequency in Amerindians due to genetic drift or selection.