河南西峡琥珀的矿物学研究

A MINERALOGICAL STUDY OF AMBER FROM XIXIA REGION,HENAN PROVINCE

河南西峡琥珀产于白垩系上段(K_2~3)砂砾岩中。通过元素分析、半工业分析、等离子体发射光谱、色谱、红外光谱、紫外光谱、X射线衍射、偏光显微镜、电子显微镜等测试手段,确定了各色琥珀的化学通式为C_(2n)H_(3n)O(5<n<15);主要组分为琥珀树脂酸、琥珀松香酸、琥珀酯醇等;琥珀体是由0.17—0.42μm大小的椭圆形胶粘堆积而成,其基本骨架为脂肪族结构;不同地区不同产状的琥珀常与含不同的醇、醚、酯有关。本文对琥珀进行了亚种划分,并对琥珀的形成机制及其地质成因作了探讨。

The samples of amber collected from the Xixia region, Henan Province,China occur in a sandy conglomerate formation of the Upper Cretaceous (K_2~3).By various means including element and semiproximate analysis, plasma emis-sion spectrometry, chromatography, infrared absorption and ultraviolet spec-trometry, X-ray diffraction, polarizing and electron microscopy,it has been revea-led that the general chemical formula of amber of various colors is C_(2n) H_(3n) O(5<n<15). Its major constituents are amber resinic and abietic acids, amberester alcohol, etc. The body of amber is built up of elliptical colloidal partic-les measuring 0.17-0.42μm in diameter, and its basic skeleton in a fattystructure. Ambers of different occurrences from different localities are usuallyrelated with the cotents of alcohol, ether and ester in them. In this paper thesubspecies of amber are divided, and the forming mechanism and geologicalorigin are also discussed.