正常青少年记忆作业工效与事件相关电位的研究

STUDY ON MEMORY TASK PERFORMANCE AND EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS(ERPs) IN NORMAL ADOLESCENTS

本研究以259名(男女大约各半)正常青少年为被试者,按年龄分成4组(9.8±0.7、12.0±0.7、14.1±0.8、17.1±0.8岁),测试了4种视觉记忆性作业工效。根据信号检测理论,对各组的正确反应(H)、正确否定(CR)、漏报(0M)、虚报(FA)、觉察力(A)及反应时(RT)等工效指标进行分析,并对H、CR、OM、FA4种情况下的脑电进行了累加、滤波、平滑及压缩处理,求出事件相关电位(ERPs)成分(N100、P200、N200、P300)的波幅和潜时。结果表明,在相同作业条件下,随年龄增长记忆工效(H、A)提高;RT缩短;P300潜时缩短。在同一组中,随记忆搜索负荷加大,工效(H、A)明显下降;RT延长;P300潜时延长。将上述各组工效与P300的基础数据综合分析,能有效地评价脑功能,适用于临床及工效学研究。

Visual memory tasks (2 different kinds, 2 levels of difficulty) were studied in 259 healthy adolescents who were divided into 4 age groups (males and females were about equal in number) with the mean ages being 9.8 ± 7, 12.0±7, 14.1± 8 and 17.1 ± 8 respectively. According to signal detective theory, the performances including hit (H), correct rejection (CR), omit (OM), false alarm (FA), detectability (A) and reaction time (RT) for each task in the 4 age groups were analysed . The EEGs under H, CR, OM and FA situations were processed separately, including summing, averaging, filtering, smoothing and compressing.The amplitudes and the peak latencies of the components in ERPs (N100, P200, N200 and P300) were compared among the age groups and tasks.The results showed that memory task performance enhanced with increase of age, i.e., H and A increased while RT and P300 latencies decreased significantly. However, with the increase of memory scanning set performance decreased significantly, i.e., H and A decreased while RT and P300 latencies increased. These age differences in ERPs as well as performance might be used as normal baselines for brain function evaluation in clinical and ergonomic studies.