气候变暖对黑龙江省水资源的影响及对策

The influence and countermeasure on the climate getting warmer to the water resources in Heilongjiang Prov.

黑龙江省水资源并不丰富,开发利用率较低。20世纪80年代后黑龙江省气候变暖明显,比50～70年代平均气温上升0.72℃,70年代上升1.0℃。这段时期降水和地表径流变化不大。但2030年气温将提高1.94℃,夏季提高1.68℃,年蒸发量提高11%,主要江河天然径流将减少17%～22%。随着国民经济的发展,水资源供需矛盾进一步加剧。提出加强工程治理、开源、节流等5项对策为进行长远规划提供科学依据。

The water resources in Heilongjiang Province isn't rich and the utilization of it is lower.After 1980's,the weater was getting warmer obviously in Heilongjiang than 1950～1970.The weather rose even 0.72?℃ every year and 1.0?℃ in 1970.In this period,rain and surface runoff has not changed greatly,but in the year of 2030,the weather will rise 1.94?℃.In the summer,it will rise 1.68?℃ and the evaporation in the year will rise 11%,the main river natural runoff will decrease 17%～22%.With the development of national economy,the contradiction of supplyment and requirements about water resources becomes worse.Five countermeasure such as engineering administration,to open more sources of income,to cut down expenses and so on offered scientific basis for long-term plan.