应用厌氧残留物减轻和防御大麦黄花叶病的研究

STUDIES ON THE CONTROLLING OF BARLEY YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS WITH DIGESTED RESIDUAL

猪鸡粪及农业废弃物,经厌氧发酵后的残留物不仅可用作肥料,而且可用来处理种子防御植物土传病。作者已成功地应用厌氧发酵残留物制成的AFP和AFS处理技术有效地控制了大麦黄花叶病,发病率下降70％,大麦产量上升20～50％。它的防御原理如下: 1.厌氧发酵产生的大量VB_(12),证明对抑病有关。2.残留物中再生形成的赤霉素和吲哚乙酸与抑病有关。3.用厌氧发酵物处理的种子会长时释放甲烷、乙烯等物质,证明有抑病效果。4.对处理的种子有一定营养效果。

Organic wastes such as the exprements of pigs and chickens as well as agricultural wastes can be used to produce many new biochemical substances through anaerobic fermentation. These new substances can be utilized not only as fertilizers to promote agricultural production but also for seed treatment to provent some crop diseases spread by the soil. In recent years, the Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences has succeeded in studying the application of the technology of AFP and AFS with anaerobic fermented residual to treat barley seeds. Barley yellow mosaic virus is one of the main destructive deseases in barley growing area, but it can be controlled effectively with AFP and AFS in the fields. The controlling rate is about 70% so that the barley yield can be increased by 20-50%. Now, we have made some researches on the princip les of controlling this kind of disease. They are as follows: 1. Study on the effect of Vitamin B12 to increase the resistance of crops. 2. Study on the priming action of gibberellin and kinetin contained in the digested residual. 3. Study on the volatile substances such as methane and ethylene released by the treated barley seeds in a relatively long period in order to form the anaerobic microspots around the seeds to prevent from the infection of pathogen. 4. Study on the nutritive effect of the treated seeds.