经济全球化时代国家主权的辩证法

On the Dialectic of State Sovereignty in Economic Globalization Era

在经济全球化时代 ,主权的性质再次引起各国学者的普遍关注 ,各种片面的、狭隘的主权观不断滋长蔓延 ,妨碍着国家主权的行使。因而有必要澄清各种思想 ,弄清主权的真正特性。从理论和实践两方面考察 ,主权是辩证的 ,即作为一种抽象的、终极性的独立自主权 ,主权是绝对的 ,既不可分割、也不可限制和让渡 ;而作为体现、保障主权的绝对性的主权权利和权力则是具体的、职能性的 ,因而是相对的 ,既可分割、也可限制和让渡。主权的绝对性和相对性不是相悖的 ,而是辩证统一的。主权的绝对性是无条件的 ,主权的相对性是有条件的。在国际交往和合作日益频繁、斗争日益激烈的社会 ,必须坚持主权的辩证法 ,才能更好地维护国家的独立、安全 。

In the process of economic globalization, scholars in different countries pay close attention to the nature of national sovereignty once more. Consequently, various one-sided and narrow views on sovereignty develop and spread gradually, which hindered the exercise of sovereignty powers. Hence, it's necessary to clear up the different theories, make clear the actual characteristic of state sovereignty. From the point of both theoretical and practical views, state sovereignty is dialectical, i.e.,being an abstract and ultimate power maintaining independence and keep the initiative in state's own bands, it is absolute, not only indivisible, but unlimited and not transferable. By contrast, being sovereign powers and rights embodying and safeguarding the absolute sovereignty, they are concrete and functional, not only relative, but divisible, limited and transferable. Absolute sovereignty and relative sovereignty are not opposite , but dialectical unity. The absolute sovereignty is unconditional , and the relative sovereignty is conditional . In a society in which the inter-national contacts and cooperation are more frequent, competition more intense, in order to safeguard state independency and safety better, and realize state interest fully, we should adhere to the dialectic of state sovereignty.