大学生心理健康状况及影响因素的比较分析

The mental health of college students and a comparative analysis of the factors affecting it

目的 了解大学生心理健康状况及其特征 ,分析影响大学生心理健康的主要因素。方法 使用症状自评量表(SCL 90 )对 135 0名大学生进行整群随机抽样 ,对调查结果采用分类比较的方法比较不同类别间心理健康水平的差异。结果 大学生SCL 90总均分及各因子分均高于全国青年常模 ,有中度以上心理问题的学生占总数的 13.6 % ,经分类比较 ,低年级、来自单亲家庭、专业满意度低、自感学习压力大、同学关系较差及有心理问题不愿求助于他人的同学SCL 90总均分及各因子分得分较高。结论 大学生有中度以上心理痛苦的同学占总数的 13.6 % ,低年级、来自单亲家庭、专业满意度低、自感学习压力大、同学关系不佳。

Objective To find out the state and characteristics of college students' mental health, and analyse the main factor affecting the mental health of college students. Methods This research investigated 1 350 college students sampled by random with the scale of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90), and compared the difference of mental health level between groups with the method of classifying comparison. Results The college students' total mean and factor score of SCL-90 were higher than those of youth norm in China, but 13.6% of college students had psychological problems worse than middle degree. After classifying comparison, the groups with higher score in SCL-90 total mean and factors were as follows: low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, worse classmate relationship, not asking for help when having mental problem. Conclusion The factors which may affect the mental health level of college students are low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, bad classmate relationship, and not asking for help when having mental problem.