深圳市东湖医院预防SARS感染的防护措施效果分析

Analysis of the Effect of the Preventive Measures on SARS in Shenzhen East Lake Hospital

目的 了解医务人员被严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)感染的危险因素以及医院消毒隔离防护等预防措施对控制SARS院内感染的效果。方法 对深圳东湖医院的一线SARS救治工作的医务人员进行访谈及行为因素问卷调查,并抽血送检SARS抗体。结果 (1)339名医务人员,其中一线接触患者医务人员168人,无一人发病。(2)一线医务人员118份血清标本,深圳市CDC检测60份全部阴性,我院检测118份均阴性。(3)病房严格划分医务人员通道及患者通道,设立二道间,病房通风良好。(4)全院97. 2％医务人员服用了病毒唑,其次是达菲和抗病毒中成药,并一直间断使用。(5)医务人员在接触患者的过程几乎100％穿了隔离衣,戴1个一次性口罩加1个12层棉口罩和流水洗手。(6)100％的医务人员在工作期间内正常回家生活,大多数医务人员在下班回家前没有洗澡及更衣。结论 严格科学的消毒隔离方法,良好的病房结构及通风,药物性预防能有效控制SARS院内感染。

Objective To study the risk factors of the medical staffs being infected with the SARS virus and the efficiency of the preventive measures on SARS in the hospital. Method The medical staff at the front line of the treating the SARS patients were tested for the SARS antibodies and following-up with the questionnaire about their behavior of handling SARS patients. Results (1) Out of 339 medical staff, 168 worked at the most dangerous front line of treating the SARS patients. None of them suffered from SARS. (2) 118 of the medical staff at the front line of treating the SARS patients were sero negative on testing SARS antibody in our hospital laboratory. Out of the 118 serum samples, 60 were tested SARS antibody negative in Shenzhen CDC. (3) The passages for the medical staff and patients were separated in the wards. The ward was also setup transitional isolation room and with good ventilation. (4) 97.2% medical staff in our hospital were continuously treated with the drugs such as Ribavirin. (5)100% medical staff put on the isolation cloth, a one-time-use mask and a cotton mask of 12 layers, and washed hands with running tap water. (6) 100% medical staff went back home as usual without taking a shower and changing their cloth at the end of their work. Conclusions The strictly sterilization and isolation, good setup and ventilation of the wards, and the preventive drugs for SARS, can effectively prevent the infection with SARS virus of the front line medical staff in the hospital.