基于遗传算法的连续结构拓扑优化分析

Continuum Structural Topology Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm

结构拓扑优化设计是结构初始方案设计的重要方法。采用遗传算法 ,用染色体基因映射结构离散化后的单元体 ,通过改变基因代码实现连续结构的拓扑。在优化过程中 ,利用遗传算法的全局收敛性等特点进行结构优化 ,通过有限元技术对结构进行建模和分析。为了消除结构拓扑优化分析中的铰接和棋盘格现象 ,提高优化分析效率 ,改善优化分析结果 ,在结构拓扑优化分析中引入了结构约束的概念和渐进结构优化的思想。算例分析表明 ,本文提出的方法是合理、有效的。

Topology optimization is considered as a most difficult problem among structural optimization. It is very important in initial design of the structure. In continuum structural topology optimization, a genetic algorithm (GA) is served as an optimization method. Binary chromosome of GA is used to represent a topology structure and finite element method is used to obtain the displacement, stress and strain of each node, including constraint conditions. In order to improve the efficiency and make the optimization results better, the idea for evolutionary structural optimization and the concept of structural constraint are put forward. An example of a cantilever plate shows the rationality and efficiency of the method.