模拟高原低压舱治疗对哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇和CD4^+T淋巴细胞的影响

Effects of hypobaric chamber therapy on the concentration of serum cortisol and CD4^+T-lymphocyte in remission stage of asthmatic guinea pigs

目的 探讨模拟高原缺氧条件治疗哮喘的机制 ,为临床应用模拟高原低压舱治疗儿童哮喘提供部分理论依据。方法 采用 1 0 %卵蛋白 (OA)致敏和 5次 1 %OA诱发复制哮喘豚鼠动物模型 ,设立正常对照组、哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组 3组。利用模拟 4 0 0 0m海拔高原条件的低压舱治疗干预 ,结束后 3组均作血清皮质醇、支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF)中嗜酸性粒细胞 (EOS)计数和低密度EOS(HEOS)百分率和外周血CD4 + T淋巴细胞数量以及气道平滑肌张力的测定。结果 (1 )正常对照组和低压舱治疗组的血清皮质醇含量均非常显著地高于哮喘对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,且低压舱治疗组值与正常对照组无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 (2 )哮喘对照组和低压舱治疗组BALF中EOS绝对值及HEOS百分率均数均非常显著高于正常对照组 ,同时 ,低压舱治疗组非常显著低于哮喘对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;(3)正常对照组和低压舱治疗组外周血CD4 + T淋巴细胞数量明显低于哮喘对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;(4 )哮喘组气道平滑肌张力明显增高。结论 低压舱治疗能使哮喘缓解期豚鼠血清皮质醇升高 ,抑制CD4 + T淋巴细胞活化 ,从而使其BALF中EOS数和活化的EOS(HEOS)减少 ,降低气道平滑肌张力 ,有利于预防哮喘复发和减轻哮喘发作症状 ,在临床上有潜在的应用价值。

Objective To explore the mechanism of the therapeutic effects of hypobaric chamber on asthma to provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods Guinea pigs were randomized into the normal control group(NCG),asthma control group(ACG) and the hypobaric chamber treated group(HCTG).The guinea pig model of asthma was established through sensitization with 10% ovalbumin(OA) and induction with 1% OA respectively.The guinea pigs in HCTG were treated with hypo baric chamber simulating 4000m altitude.The concentration of serum cortisol,the number of eosinophil(EOS) and percentage of hypodense eosinophil(HEOS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),the number of CD4 +T lymphocyte in peripheral blood(PB)and the tension of airway muscle were determined.Results (1)The concentration of serum cortisol was significantly higher in NCG and HCTG than in ACG( P <0.01),but no significantly difference between in HCTG and in NCG( P >0.05);(2)The number of EOS and percentage of HEOS in BALF were significantly higher in ACG and HCTG than in NCG,at the same time significantly lower in HCTG than in ACG( P <0.01);(3)The number of CD4 +T lymphocyte in PB was significantly higher in ACG than in HCTG( P <0.01);(4)The tension of airway muscle in ACG was increased markedly while that in HCTG was decreased.Conclusions After the treatment with hypobaric chamber,the concentration of serum cortisol in asthmatic guinea pigs increase significantly and activating of CD4 +T lymphocyte decrease,lead to the number of EOS decrease markedly,the percentage of HEOS in BALF,thus result in alleviation of the airway hyperresponsiveness.All these may be beneficial to prevent the relapse of asthma.