苹果树根系吸水研究方法的讨论

Discussion about research methods of apple tree root water uptake

介绍了根系吸水模型研究现状;对建立苹果树根系吸水模型所需要的植株蒸腾量、棵间蒸发量、根系密度、土壤含水量等的测定方法进行了探讨,分析了苹果树与作物根系吸水的不同之处,介绍了热脉冲技术测定苹果树蒸腾量、微型蒸渗仪(microlysimeter)测定棵间蒸发量、剖面法测定根系密度、TDR测土壤含水率的技术;最后,探讨了建立苹果树根系吸水模型应注意的具体问题,并进一步提出了利用空间随机场理论研究整个苹果园中苹果树的根系吸水模型的观点,即:将苹果园中的各个苹果树看作小扰动的空间随机变量,然后利用空间随机场理论研究整个苹果园中苹果树的根系吸水情况。

The paper introduces the currently research status of root water uptake, discusses the measuring methods of transpiration, soil evaporation, root density and soil moisture content, which are necessary for the model establishment of root water uptake by apple trees, analyzes the difference of root water uptake between apple tree and field crops, introduces the application of several measuring methods to apple tree, such as the measurement of transpiration by heat pulse sensor, soil evaporation by microlysimeter, root density by section method and soil moisture content by TDR, and discusses the specific problems which should be paid more attention to when the model of root water uptake by apple tree is established. Taking the individual apple tree in apple orchard as little disturbed random variable in space. The theory of spatial random field study is used to the water uptake by apple tree root in apple orchard.