食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况及耐药性分析

Contamination and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in food

为了解金黄色葡萄球菌对食品的污染情况 ,采集 6类 2 0 4件食品 ,进行金黄色葡萄球菌检测。采用GB 4 789— 1994食品卫生检验方法检测金黄色葡萄球菌 ,用minVIDAS全自动免疫分析仪测定肠毒素 ,用K B法进行药敏试验。在 2 0 4件食品中检出 4 4件金黄色葡萄球菌 ,总检出率2 1 5 6 % ,其中生奶的检出率最高 (39 39% ) ,生肉、水产品次之 (33 33% ) ,熟肉制品、乳制品检出率分别为 6 0 %和 5 0 % ,冰激凌中未检出金黄色葡萄球菌。 4 4株金黄色葡萄球菌有 2 7株产生肠毒素 ,占 6 1 36 %。在药敏试验中 4 4株金黄色葡萄球菌 10 0 %对苯唑西林耐药 ;93 18%对青霉素G耐药 ;86 4 0 %对阿莫西林耐药 ,对丁胺卡那、头孢三嗪、头孢唑啉、万古霉素敏感。金黄色葡萄球菌对奶、肉、水产品的污染比较严重 ,特别是产生肠毒素的菌株存在着引起食物中毒的可能性。

To understand the contamination of Staphylococcus aureus in foods, 204 samples of 6 kinds of foods were collected and examined for Staphylococcus aureus contamination. The GB 4789—1994 food hygienic inspection method, minVIDAS omni-auto analysis and K-B method were used to detect Staphylococcus aureus , enterotoxin and drug sensitivity respectively. The positive rates of Staphylococcus aureus in the 204 samples were 21.56%(44 samples), in which, the positive rates in raw milk was highest (39.39%), with raw meat and aquatic products next (33.33%) and cooked meat and milk products 6.0% and 5.0% respectively. No Staphlylococcus aureus was detected in ice creams. During shock culturing in 37℃ for 24h, 27 strains (61.36%) produced enterotoxin in the 44 strains of Staphylococcus aureus . In the drug sensitive tests, 100%(44 strains) of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to oxacillin; 93.18% to penicillin; 86.40% to amoxicillin. All of the 44 strains were sensitive to amikacin, ceftriazone, cefacidal and vancomycin.The results showed that there were severe contamination of Staphylococcus aureus to milk, meat and aquatic products and more than half of the strains were enterotoxin-producing.