集贤村地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of endemic goiter and cretinism in Jixian village

目的 与 2 4年前集贤村的地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病流行情况进行对比 ,评估干预效果 ,为今后的防治工作提供科学的依据。方法 对全村地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病流行情况进行了普查 ,采集部分学生血、尿等样品进行测定并测试智商水平。结果 全村居民甲状腺肿大率从 1979年的 74.0 % ,下降到 2 0 0 2年的 18.6%。 7～ 14岁儿童甲状腺肿大率由 1979年的 77.94% ,下降到 2 0 0 2年的 8.3 3 %。地方性克汀病人数 1979年为 14 5人 ,2 0 0 2年为 80人 ,均为 2 4年前诊断的旧病例 ,近 2 4年来未见有新发克汀病病例。人群尿碘平均数从1979年的 168.0 0μg/ g Cr上升到 2 0 0 2年的 3 2 7.43μg/ L。从 1979年到 2 0 0 2年 ,智商测试结果显示出高智商所占的比率明显增高。结论 多年的碘盐干预、口服碘化钾以及注射碘油等方法 ,对控制病情。

Objective A comparative investigation on prev alent situation of endemic goiter and cretinism with one 24 years ago was conduc ted to evaluate effect of intervention and provide scientific evidence for futur e prevention and control.Methods To investigate prevalent situation of endemic g oiter and cretinism in census way. Some students' bloods and urines were colle cted and detected ,of them,partial student intelligence quotient(IQ) was evaluat ed. Results Universal goiter rate was decreased from 74.0% in 1979 to 18.6% in 2002.Goiter rate of children aged 7~14 years was decreased f rom 77.94% in 1979 to 8.33% in 2002.One hundred and forty-five cases were diagn osed as endemic cretinism in 1979,but there are 80 endemic cretinism cases in 2002 which were diagnosed 24 years ago.Endemic cretinism cases had been not found out sinc e 1979 . The mean of urinary iodine was increased from 168.00 μg/g Cr in 1979 t o 327.43 μg/L in 2002.The IQ result shows the proportion of high IQ was increas ed remarkably from 1979 to 2002.Conclusions The effect of prevention and control is r emarkable through the recommended intervention,including universal salt iodizati on,oral potassium iodide and injection of iodize oil.It plays on significant rol e in controllling the prevalence and improving the iodine-nutritional status.