西藏水土流失敏感性评价及其空间分异规律

Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Sensitivity of Soil Erosion in Tibet

以水土流失通用方程为理论基础,运用数学模型和GIS分析相结合的方法,将降水、地貌、土壤和植被因子对西藏水土流失敏感性的影响程度,划分为极敏感、相当敏感、敏感、较敏感和不敏感5个等级,并生成各单因素评价图。在Arcinfo中完成单因素图的叠加分析,得到西藏水土流失敏感性综合评价图。在此基础上,探讨了西藏特殊高原环境下的水土流失敏感性高低的分布规律及其在不同主导因子作用下的水土流失敏感性空间分异,提出了西藏水土流失治理的优先区,为水利、公路和农牧等部门进行专题规划和治理提供依据。

Based on Universal Soil Loss Equation and methods of mathematics model and GIS analysis, we classified influence of precipitation, soil, topography and vegetation upon sensitivity of soil erosion into five different degrees. As a result, assessment map of each factor was finished. We also drew integrated assessment map of sensitivity of soil erosion by overlapping function with Arcinfo. Furthermore, we analyzed distribution characteristics and spatial difference of sensitivity of soil erosion in Tibet under special plateau environment. According to sensitivity degree, priority erosion control areas were confirmed so as to provide scientific basis for departments of water conservancy, traffic management and agriculture which could make scientific and reasonable decisions.