步进式电弧螺柱焊枪及控制系统的研究

Study on Stepper Motor Arc Stud Welding Gun and Control System

在深入研究电弧螺柱焊过程及传统电弧螺柱焊枪的基础上,提出了一种全新的设计思想,以此研制开发了步进式电弧螺柱焊枪及其控制系统.焊枪的机械结构部分以步进电机为动力机构,以螺旋传动装置为运动机构主体,实现了电弧螺柱焊所需的螺柱运动过程;控制系统以MCS-51单片机为主控元件,实现了对焊枪及焊接过程的控制.螺柱提起高度、送下深度、提起和送下速度等焊接参数的设定由程序控制,减少了人工调整的随机误差;同传统电弧螺柱焊枪相比,此焊枪的参数调节具有相互独立的特性,送下深度可以在更大范围内调整.

A design method was proposed via the investigation on the procedure of arc stud welding and traditional arc stud welding gun, hereby an arc stud welding gun driven by a stepper motor and its control system were developed. A stepper motor is taken as driver gear and a screw-driven device as running gear in the gun to realize the stud action procedure requested by arc stud welding. An MCS-51 single-chip-microcomputer is adopted as the main control component to realize the control of the stud gun and welding procedure. The setting of welding parameters, involving stud lifting height, stud sending depth, lifting and sending speed and so on, can be accomplished by program control, thus the artificial error is reduced. Compared with traditional arc stud welding gun, the above mentioned parameters can be adjusted independently, and the sending depth is allowed to vary within a wider range.