湖北两种兰属植物种群及群落生态特征初步研究

Preliminary study on the ecological characters of population and community of two Cymbidium plants in Hubei,China

初步调查分析了湖北随州、罗田、荆门3个地区的春兰Cymbidiumgoeringii和蕙兰Cymbidiumfaberi2种兰属植物在不同生境中的种群数量、年龄结构、空间分布格局等种群生态特征,并对2种兰花栖息的群落从其种类组成和群落的垂直结构进行了研究。结果表明,该地区2种兰属植物种质资源丰富,随州样地春兰频度达95%;罗田样地蕙兰频度高达98%;荆门样地春兰、蕙兰频度都在95%左右。两植物处在营养期的兰株数量大于生殖期的兰株数量,属增长型种群,其空间分布格局与调查样方大小有关,小尺度(9m2)和大尺度(>1000m2)表现为团块分布。两植物多生长在海拔140～740m的马尾松Pinusmassoniana、一茅栗Castaneaseguinii及马尾松—杜鹃Rhododendronsimsii群落中,兰花在群落中的生存状况良好。

The ecological characters,including population quantity,age structure and spatial pattern,of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi were preliminarily investigated at Suizhou,Luotian and Jingmen of Hubei province.The species composition and vertical structure of community were also studied.The results showed that two species orchids were abundance in this area,Cymbidium goeringii frequency amounted to 95% at Suizhou plot,Cymbidium faberi frequency reached highly 98% at Luotian plot,two species orchids frequency amounted to 95% at Jingmen plot.Their quantities in vegetative growth phase were more than theirs in sexual reproduction phase.The population pattern was related to resear(ching) plot area and manifested contagious distribution,smaller plot(9m^2)and bigger plot(>1 000m^2).Both of them distributed numerously in altitude of 140-740m,among Pinus massoniana,Castanea seguinii and Pinus massoniana-Rhododendron simsii.Orchids grew well in community.