河北省燕郊社区717名老年人慢性病现况调查

Analysis of the prevalence rates of chronic diseases and their influencing factors in 717 aged persons in Yanjiao Developing Area of Hebei Province

目的 了解影响三河市开发区老年人健康状况的几种常见慢性病的现况 ,为开展社区老年卫生服务提供依据。 方法 采用整群抽样方法对河北省燕郊年龄≥ 6 0岁 717名老年人进行问卷调查。 结果 老年人慢性病总患病率为 92 1% ,其中男性患病率 91 2 % ,女性 93 0 % ,两者差异无显著性。 70 0 %的老年人同时患有 2种及以上慢性病。患病率位于前 5位的病种依次是高血压(46 2 % )、心脏病 (2 6 9% )、骨关节炎或风湿性关节炎 (2 1 9% )、口腔与牙病 (16 2 % )、颈椎病(16 0 % )。文化程度、离退休前职业、医疗保障、居住状况、是否经常主动获得医疗保健知识、支付医疗保健费用有无困难是影响老年人患多种慢性病的因素。 结论 慢性病是危害老年人健康的主要卫生问题 ,应充分考虑老年人疾病谱的特点 ,开展有针对性的社区卫生服务 ,提高老年人健康水平。

Objective To study the current status of several chronic diseases which affect the health in community of Yanjiao Dveloping Area and provide the evidence of implementing health service for the aged in community. Methods Cluster sampling method was used in the 717 persons aged 60 and over in Yanjiao Developing Area. Results The total prevalence rate of chronic disease was 92.1%, with male of 91.2%,and female of 93.0%,with no difference between them. 70.0% of the elderly suffered from more than two kinds of chronic diseases. Disease ranking of prevalence rate was hypertension (46.2%), heart disease (26.9%), osteoarthritis and rheumatic arthritis (21.9%), oral and dental disease (16.2%), and disease of cervical vertebra (16.0%). Major factors affecting the chronic diseases were level of education, medical insurance, awareness of health care, and payment ability for medical care. Conclusions Chronic diseases are the major problem affecting their health. We should carry out different strategies according to different conditions so as to improve the health of the elderly.