分配方式的区分与合约中的人力资本

The Distinction of the Distribution Ways and Human Capital Contract

文章主要想阐述的观点是:决定分配方式的不是社会制度形式,而是人力资本与资本所有者博弈所决定的合约形式。文章首先给出市场前提下三种分配方式的严格定义,说明三种分配方式与三种合约形式的联系;其次引入人力资本概念,说明现实合约形式的决定,并介绍一个样本调查结果,证明前面的结论;最后简单分析西方国家的工资制度和理论,并对中国历史上是否实行过严格定义的按劳分配问题进行了探讨。

The paper holds that the distribution ways are not decided by the forms of social system but by the forms of contract decided by the game between human capital and capital owner. The paper first offers a strict definition of three ways of distribution under the current market premises, explaining the relation between the three ways of distribution and the three forms of contract; then it introduces the concept of human capital to illustrate the determination of real contract forms, introducing a sample of investigation to prove the conclusion above. Finally, it briefly analyzes the wage system and theories of western countries and explains that in the history of China there has never been any strict definition for distribution according to work.