泰勒与多尔课程观的比较与反思

The Comparison and Reflection of Curriculum Perspective between Tyler and Doll

泰勒课程观是现代封闭宇宙论、旁观者认识论及先验知识论在课程领域中的反映。其在课程领域的突出表现就是教育目标的预定性、课程内容的确定性、课程组织的序列性、课程评价的等级性。多尔课程观则是后现代开放宇宙论、建构认识论及生成知识论在课程领域中的反映,它更重视教育目标的生成性、课程内容的丰富性、课程组织的复杂性、课程评价的促进性。而如何在课程的两极之间保持适当的张力,以及如何提高教师素质的问题则是当今课程领域中的一项重要任务。

The curriculum perspective of Tyler is the reflection of modern closed cosmology,spectator epistemology and transempiricism epistemology in the field of curriculum.The main manifestation is the destination of the object,the fixation of the content,the order of the organization and the grade of the evaluation.The curriculum perspective of Doll is the reflection of postmodern open cosmology,constructive and creative epistemology.It attaches more attention to the creation of the object,the richness of the content, the complexity of the organization and the promotion of the evaluation. How to keep the apt tension between the two poles and how to promote the quality of the teachers are the important tasks in the field of curriculum.