摘要
实证主义是自古希腊以来的西方哲学中的重要传统。但作为一种哲学思潮 ,实证主义萌芽于 17世纪的欧洲 ,18世纪后逐渐形成的所谓唯理论与经验论之间表面对立的背后 ,隐藏着一种深刻的一致 ,即对关于世界的偶然知识与关于永恒之物的必然知识的严格区分。在法国 ,由于受到 18世纪启蒙运动的深刻影响 ,19世纪的法国哲学从一开始就带有明显的社会政治色彩。从历史的角度看 ,这是受到法国大革命的深刻影响 ,但从哲学的角度看 ,这与法国哲学的浪漫主义的思想传统有着密切的联系。
The author discusses the concept of freedom from the following two angles: metaphysics and socio-politics. From the first angle, the author points out that no matter whether we agree with determinism, we cannot clarify the nature of freedom because philosophy has not provided a satisfactory definition to the concept of freedom. From the second angle, the author tries to explain the idea of political freedom and the different interpretations about it by subjectivism and objectivism as well as their limitations. The author finally discusses the meanings and relations between individual freedom and collective freedom.
出处
《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》
2003年第5期58-63,共6页
The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition
