信息预测原理在英语专业四级考试听力理解中的应用

The Theory of Information Prediction and Its Application to Listening Comprehension of TEM-4

本文分两大部分 :第一部分 ,首先从信息学理论入手 ,根据香农——维纳公式得出获得最大信息量的关键因素之一——感知和理解的速度。其次 ,结合心理学理论 ,考察了如何提高反应时间 ,即原意识的激活。通过引入图式的概念点出文章的中心——预测。第二部分 ,把信息预测原理应用到英语专业四级考试的听力理解之中 ,并分类讨论了在听前、听时和听后的具体预测和推测方法。

This paper consists of two parts. In the first part, the author begins with the theory in information science and examines the Shannon-Wiener formula. Therefore one of the key factors influencing the maximum amount of information-the speed of sensing and understanding information-is stressed. After this, combining theories from psychology, the author focuses on how to speed up reaction, i.e., the activating of original consciousness. With the introduction of the concept of schema, the central point of the paper-prediction-is finally reached. In the second part, the theory of prediction is applied to the actual practice in the listening comprehension of TEM-4. The predicting and deducing methods in the three categories of pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening are explicated.