水通道蛋白-4在大鼠大脑中的定位研究

LOCALIZATION OF AQP4 IN RAT BRAIN

目的 观察水通道蛋白 4 (AQP4 )在大脑实质和室管膜、脉络丛、最后区、神经垂体、腺垂体和松果体中的分布 ,为研究脑组织中水分子运输和平衡以及内分泌腺体的分泌和调节机制提供形态学基础。 方法 免疫组织化学漂洗法 (LAB SA、BCIP NBT法 )。 结果 AQP4主要分布于软脑膜、脑室和导水管系统的室管膜、脉络丛等与脑脊液 (CSF)直接接触的组织中及脑实质的血管周围 ;在脑实质内可见阳性细胞体 ;在海马的锥体细胞层、齿状回的颗粒细胞层和多形细胞层细胞呈阳性 ;在脑室周围器官如神经垂体、最后区 (AP)及松果体和腺垂体 (包括中间部 )各种腺细胞膜表面均可见AQP4的阳性标记。 结论 AQP4不仅与水分子的转运及平衡调节有关、同时与电解质代谢和内分泌活动有关 ,还可能与下丘脑的神经内分泌活动有关。

Objective The localization of AQP4 was studied in the brain,especially,in the periventricular organs,such as ependyma,choroid plexues,area postrema(AP) and neurohypophysis,and telencephalon as well as two kinds of endocrine gland:pineal gland and adenohypophysis,so as to provide morphological basis for water transport and balance,the secretion and regulation mechanisms of endocrine gland in the brain. Methods Immunohistochemical staining techniques(LAB-SA,BCIP/NBT) were used. Results AQP4 was most abundantly expressed in the tissues directly contacting with CSF,including the cerebral pia mater,ependyma lining of ventricules and the aqueductal system and choroid plexues.Heavy express of AQP4 was also found in the perivascular glial processes of the brain tissue.In addition,AQP4 was also distributed to the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus,granular cell layer and polymorphic cell layer of dentate gyrus,adenohypophysis(intermedius included) and pineal gland cells as well as the periventricular organs such as area postrema(AP) and neurohypophysis.Conclusion The localization of AQP4 indicates that AQP4 is involved in not only the transport and balance of water,electrolyte metabolism and the regulation of secretion of the endocrine gland,but also in the neuroendocrine activity of the hypothalamus.