不同海拔地区阿尔茨海默病患者外周血液神经肽Y及免疫球蛋白G变化的初探

Change of neuropeptide Y and immunoglobulin G levels in patients with Alzheimer disease at various high altitude areas

目的 探讨海拔梯度对高原地区阿尔茨海默病 (Alzheimerdisease,AD)患者神经肽Y (NeuropeptideY ,NPY)及免疫球蛋白G (ImmunoglobulinG ,IgG)水平的影响。方法 收集了青藏高原地区 4组资料 ,高海拔地区 (海拔 394 0米 )AD患者 2 0例 ,中度海拔地区 (海拔 2 2 6 0米 )AD患者 2 4例以及高、中度海拔地区健康老年对照组 2 2和 30例 ,采用竞争性放射免疫法及免疫比浊法检测静脉血NPY和IgG水平。 结果 不同海拔地区AD各组患者血浆NPY水平低于健康对照组 ,AD患者血清IgG的含量明显增高 ;高海拔AD组NPY水平显著低于中度海拔AD组 ,IgG的含量高于中度海拔AD组 ;高海拔健康对照组NPY水平也显著低于中度海拔健康对照组 ,而IgG的含量高于中度海拔地区健康老年组。

Objective To study the effect of hypoxia and ultraviolet (UV) on immune function in Alzheimer disease(AD), neuropeptide Y(NPY) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were investigated in patients with AD at various high altitudes. Methods Four groups of subjects from the Qinghai-Tibetau Plateau were collected: 20 patients of AD at high altitude of 3 940 m above sea level; 24 patients of AD at middle altitude of 2 280 m sea level;52 healthy aged volunteers with various high altitudes. The plasma levels of NPY and IgG were measured by radioimmunoassay and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results NPY was significantly decreased in patients with AD as compared to that of controls at the same high altitude(P< 0.01). NPY was significantly different from two AD groups at the different altitudes(P< 0.01). IgG significantly increased in the AD group, compared to the controls at HA(P< 0.05). In AD groups there is an increase in the level of IgG with altitude(P< 0.05). IgG was higher in the AD group than the controls at the same middle altitude(P< 0.05). In control groups, NPY exhibited a decline and IgG was also significantly increased with altitude (P< 0.05). Conclusion These findings indicate that there is an influence on immune function induced by hypoxia and ultraviolet irradiation at the high altitude of 3,940m above sea level. The decrease of NPY and the increase of IgG in those AD patients at high altitude might be related to the induction of the immune suppression. The change of NPY and IgG levels depends on altitude. Our results imply that high-altitude environmental factors might have greater effect on the immune system of AD patients.