22例先天性腭咽功能不全的临床分析

Clinical analysis of 22 cases of patients with congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency

目的 :提高对先天性腭咽功能不全患者的诊断和治疗率。方法 :2 2例CVPI患者 ,男性 10人 ,女性 12人 ,年龄 4～ 2 5岁 ,平均为 13岁 ,对其出现的局部和全身症状作相关的临床检查、头颅定位分析和语音测试。结果 :2 2例CVPI患者 ,临床表现除了过高鼻音 ,鼻漏气及代偿性发音外 ,其中伴先天性心脏病 2例 ,耳部疾患 3例 ,视力异常 3例 ,四肢畸形 1例。韦氏智力测试IQ为轻度障碍。头颅定位分析CVPI组与正常组有显著性差异。语音测试CVPI组明显低于正常组。结论 :通过对CVPI患者的临床检查 ,CVPI不仅有局部的临床特征 ,同时还可伴有全身系统的异常 ,充分认识此疾病可大大提高CVPI的诊断率和治疗率。

Objective: To advance diagnosis and treatment of congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency (CVPI). Methods:22 patients (10 male, 12 female, range from 4 to 25 years old, mean age 13) with CVPI were available for this study. They accepted physical examinations, cephalometric analysis and Chinese speech intelligibility test. Results: There were hypernasity, nose emission and compensatory articulation in all patients. Of 22 patients, 2 with congenital heart disease, 3 with ear disease, 3 with near sight and 1 with abnormal limb. Their IQ test showed mild mental retardation and Chinese speech intelligibility were obviously lower than the controls'. The cephalometric analysis results indicated there was significant difference between the patients and the controls. Conclusion: Not only local malformation but also systemic abnormality was found in the patients with CVPI by clinical examination. It will lift diagnosis and treatment of CVPI through this study.