新型双变径天轮式抽油机的设计

Design of a new-style and long-stroke pumping unit with variable diameter wheel

利用机构选型中的组合原理设计了一种新型天轮式长冲程抽油机。该新型抽油机由曲柄摇杆机构与双变径增程天轮机构组成 ,可以通过对现有的游梁式抽油机进行改造而制得。按照逐步优化设计思想 ,对该抽油机主参数进行了多目标优化设计和动态静力分析。现场试验和理论分析表明 ,该抽油机具有节能、结构紧凑、曲柄扭矩峰值较低、负扭矩小、扭矩变化平缓等优点。用该机构作为主机构的抽油机 ,其减速箱扭矩具有与双驴头抽油机类似的特性。与常规抽油机相比 ,其扭矩可以下降 10 %～ 15 % ,平衡效果好 ,平衡力矩有较大幅度降低。该机采用双变径天轮 ,提高了整机的动力性能 ;采用导向轮让位方式 ,改善了柔性件和支架的受力。由于该机选用了柔性件传动 。

On the basis of creative-design theory of machine and the combination principle, a new-style and long-stroke pumping unit was designed. The new-style pumping unit has two main structures of crank-and-rocker system and variable diameter wheel for lengthening the stroke of pumping unit. This pumping unit can be reconstructed by the beam pumping unit. The kinematical and kinetic characters of the pumping unit were analyzed,and an optimal model for poly-objects of the machine was developed. The main performance of the ecotype-pumping unit was investigated systematically. The results show that the new-style and long-stroke pumping unit has many advantages such as energy-saving,compact structure,short peak value of torque,small negative torque rating and flat torsion gram. Compared with the common pumping unit,the new-type pumping unit decreases in moment of torque by 10 percent to 15 percent, and the counterbalance moment decreases greatly. The designed lifetime of the flexible parts of the pumping unit must increase.