被动吸烟与儿童呼吸道感染的关系及其对鼻纤毛功能的影响

Respiratory infection and function of nasal mucosa of children with passive smoking

目的 探讨被动吸烟与儿童呼吸道感染的关系及其对鼻黏膜纤毛传输功能的影响。方法 对 32 0例 3～ 6岁儿童进行调查 ,根据家长吸烟与否分为有被动吸烟和无被动吸烟者两组 ,比较两组呼吸道感染率 ,用糖精法测定其鼻黏膜纤毛传输速度。结果 被动吸烟儿童呼吸道感染率明显高于无被动吸烟儿童 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;被动吸烟量越大 ,年限越长 ,住房面积越小 ,儿童呼吸道感染率越高 ;被动吸烟儿童鼻黏膜纤毛传输速度明显低于无被动吸烟儿童 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 被动吸烟是致儿童呼吸道感染的重要因素 ,其中被动吸烟量及吸烟史与呼吸道感染率成正比 ,住房面积与呼吸道感染率成反比。被动吸烟使儿童鼻黏膜纤毛传输速度减慢 ,导致鼻腔防御机制受损 ,是其容易发生呼吸道感染的机制之一。

Objective To study the correlation between passive smoking and upper respiratory infection and the transmission rate of nasal mucosa cilia of children with passive smoking .Methods 320 cases under 3～6 years were investigated . They were divided into no-passive smoking and passive smoking groups by the fact whether their parents smoke,the upper respiratory infection rate and the transmission rate of nasal mucosa cilia were compared between two groups.Results The rate of upper respiratory infection of passive smoking group was higher than that of no-passive smoking group(P<0.05). The larger of amount of smoking, the longer of the time limit of smoking, the smaller of the area of residence, the infection rate were higher. The transmission rate of nasal mucosa cilia of no-passive smoking group was quicker than that of passive smoking group(P<0.05). Conclusions Passive smoking is an important factor of respiratory infection in children. Passive smoking reduces the rate of the transmissionrate of nasal mucosa cilia, destroys the function of nasal mucosa cilia and evokes respiratory infection in children.