水土保持对小流域地表径流时间特征变化的影响

the Effects of Soil and Water Conservation on Temporal Change of the Surface Runoff in Watersheds

本文用小流域平行对比观测法 ,分析了水土保持对小流域地表径流时间变化的影响 ,结果表明 :水土保持能减少年径流量 ,减少洪水次数 ,降低地表径流模数 ,增加流域蓄水量40 %～ 60 %。治理小流域能有效拦蓄汛期降水 ,增加非汛期常水流量 2 0 %以上 ;在拦蓄暴雨径流中能发挥较大的作用 ,蓄暴效益平均可达 60 %～ 70 %。

In this paper the effects of the soil and water conservation on temporal change of surface runoff in typical small watersheds were analyzed by the parallel observation in two comparable watersheds in Loess Plateau. The integral control of soil and water loss in the region can result in the decreases of flooding time and runoff modulus, increase retaining of rain in the watershed by 40%~60%. It can effectively retain precipitation in rainy season, increase runoff in dry season more than 20%. Its benefit of retaining rainstorm is between 60% and 70%.