论德意志邦联的性质

On the Character of the Federation of Germany

表象上 ,1 81 5年建立的德意志邦联符合一般理解的邦联制 ;1 82 0～ 30年代对德意志邦联进行的政治、军事改革给邦联注入了强烈的联邦制因素。而以近代宪法真谛和宪政精神来衡量 ,德意志邦联就根本不是联邦制国家 ,甚至连是否具备邦联资格都成为问题。实质上 ,德意志邦联是用邦联形式组织起来、并且又增添了联邦制的若干形式要素的。

Seemingly the federation of Germany founded in 1815 was indeed a confederacy according to the common understanding. From the 1820`s to 1830`s, the political and military reform of the federation of Germany transfused strong factor of confederacy into the federation. But the federation of Germany was not a federal country at all and even was doubted about its qualification as a federation according to the essence and spirit of the modern constitution. The federation of Germany was virtually a federation of feudal monarchy in the form of confederacy integrating the factor of federation, which suppressed the liberal democracy unification movement.