摘要
从97个10碱基随机引物中筛选出30个多态性引物,对黄河鳖、淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖、鄱阳湖鳖及太湖鳖5个群体共100只个体进行RAPD分析。结果表明,中华鳖的遗传多样性较丰富。表现在:(1)在获得的341条RAPD扩增带中,有234条(68.6%)呈现多态性;2个引物有可明显地反映种群差异的扩增带,其中S105扩增的1408bp在黄河鳖的出现频率仅为20%,而在另外4个群体的出现频率达80%~90%;S37扩增的438bp在5个群体的出现频率大小为:黄河鳖85%>淮河鳖65%>洞庭湖鳖55%>鄱阳湖鳖40%>太湖鳖20%,呈现出从黄河到淮河到长江、从长江的中游到下游逐步降低的遗传渐变现象;(2)多态位点比例(P)的大小顺序为:太湖鳖59.25%>洞庭湖鳖56.52%>鄱阳湖鳖55.80%>淮河鳖55.03%>黄河鳖54.43%,但5个群体间的差异不显著(F=0.644<F0.05;4,145=2.45);5群体内的遗传多态度(π)在0.3644~0.3883间;(3)群体内遗传相似度大小顺序为:淮河鳖0.782>黄河鳖0.771>鄱阳湖鳖0.768>洞庭湖鳖0.750>太湖鳖0.722,其中太湖鳖与黄河鳖、淮河鳖、鄱阳湖鳖3个群体间的差异显著(P<0.05);(4)分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,黄河鳖与淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖及鄱阳湖鳖3个群体间,太湖鳖与黄河鳖、淮河鳖2个群体间有极显著的遗传分化(P<0.001);(5)根据遗传距离,用UPGMA和NJ法进行聚类分析表明:?
RAPD was conducted to analyse the genetic variations of five populations in Trionyx sinensis-Yellow River population,Huai River population,Dongting Lake population,Poyang Lake population and Taihu Lake population,with 30 polymorphic 10-based random primers selected from 97 ones.The major results indicated that the genetic diversity of the five populations in T.sinensis was rich.They were:(1) 341 bands were detected and 234 of them were polymorphic,accounted for 68.6%.Two primers could amplify distinctive bands among the five populations.The appeared frequency of 1408bp band amplified by primer S105 was 20% in the Yellow River population, but it was 80%~90% in the other four populations.The range of appeared frequency of 438bp band amplified by primer S37 in the five populations was:Yellow River population 85% >Huai River population 65%>Dongting Lake population 55%>Poyang Lake population 40%>Taihu Lake population 20%, which indicated a genetic decline from Yellow River to Huai River, from middle reaches of Yangtze River to its lower reaches;(2) The range of proportion of polymorphic loci was:Taihu Lake population 59.25% > Dongting Lake population 56.52% >Poyang Lake population 55.80% > Huai River population 55.03% >Yellow River population 54.43%, and there was no significant difference among the five populations(F=0.644< F_(0.05;4,145)= 2.45).The genetic diversity index(π) was 0.3644~0.3833 in the populations;(3)The average genetic similarity index within each population ranked as Huai River population 0.782 >Yellow River population 0.771 > Poyang Lake population 0.768 > Dongting Lake population 0.750 > Taihu Lake population 0.722.There was significant difference between Taihu Lake population and Yellow River population,Huai River population and Poyang Lake population(P<0.05);(4) The results of analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) showed that there was significantly genetic breaking up between Yellow River population and Huai River population,Dongting Lake population,Poyang Lake population respectively,also between Taihu Lake population and Yellow River population,Huai River population respectively (P<0.001);(5) Yellow River and Huai River population,Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake population clustered first respectively, then they clustered with Taihu lake population by UPGMA and NJ method according to their genetic distances, which indicated that there was an obvious divergence between Taihu Lake population and the other four populations.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期119-126,共8页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市水产办<中华鳖养殖业持续发展研究>项目(科0095)