“是”的进一步语法化:由虚词到词内成分

Further grammaticalization of “shi”: From functional word to word-internal element

本文分析了现代汉语中附在连词和副词后的“是”字的性质 ,认为“是”正在变为一个词内成分 ,其源头是作为判断词或者焦点标记的“是”。“是”从指代词变为判断词、从判断词变为焦点标记是语法化 ,从判断词 (焦点标记 )变为词内成分是进一步语法化。这种进一步语法化造成了一批现代汉语中经常使用的连词和副词 。

In modern Mandarin, there are some conjunctives and adverbs containing“shi”(是) in their composition. This kind of“shi” is derived from copula or focus marker. “Shi”, originally a verb, through initial grammaticalization, became a functional word. It went through further grammaticalization, and reduced to a word-internal element. The grammaticalizationprocess is still going on, and as a result, it gives birth to many newly emergent conjunctives and adverbs.