从《金瓶梅》中的称谓看小说的幽伏之旨

The Hidden Objective of The Plum in a Golden Vase as Seen from Appellations in this Novel

《金瓶梅词话》中人物之互相称谓丰富多变,往往不见于字书所载。这主要是由于小说中的主要人物西门庆与其妻妾、家人、伙计连同仰赖他生存的帮闲篾片构成了一种有别于传统社会的人际关系。西门庆出身"破落户浮浪子弟",缺乏传统道德文化的教养熏陶,却又不乏财势,这就使得依附于他生存的各色人等与他之间形成的关系呈现出卑俗无文、寡廉鲜耻、势力纠结、情欲外露的特点。小说的叙述人巧妙地利用称谓的变化揭橥了这个特点。

In The plum in a Golden Vase as a novel with parts in verse,the appellations between the characters were rich and changeable which are often absent in the records of lexicon.This was due principally to that the human relations differing from traditional society were constructed between the main character Ximen Qing of the novel and his wife and concubines,servants,shop assistants together with hangers-on and sycophants whose living relied on him.Ximen Qing′s identity as loafer from family in decline made him lack of cultivation and nuture on traditional morality and culture but not lack of wealth and influence.This made the reletions forming between he and persons of all kinds to be characterized by base and indecent,shameless,interwine of social forces,and showing of sexual passion.This characteristic was ingeniously revealed by the novelist with the help of change in appelations.