论效率与公平的和谐

On Harmony between Efficiency and Fairness

要协调处理好社会主义市场经济下效率与公平的关系,必须以马克思主义为指导研究和借鉴西方学者在这一问题上的看法。西方学者在效率与公平问题上虽不乏真知灼见,但囿于意识形态和方法论上的局限,不能合理解决效率与公平的关系。社会主义市场经济下的效率与公平及其实现机理具有一般市场经济共同的特点。市场经济的公平有"市场内公平"与"市场外公平"之分,"市场内公平"与效率是同一的,但"市场内公平"的运作会导致收入的不平等,因而需要"市场外公平"的矫正和补充。社会主义市场经济通过"两次分配",借助"两种调节机制",完全可以实现效率与公平的和谐。

To coordinate the relationship between efficiency and fairness under socialist market-driven economy, it is essential to study western scholars' viewpoints for reference guided by Marxism. Although they may give sound opinions, they fail to present a scientific and reasonable solution to the above-said relationship due to the limitation of their ideology and methodology. Efficiency, fairness and their realization mechanism under socialist market-driven economy show the common features of market economy. The fairness of market economy is classified into inner-market fairness and that of outer-market, in which the former is identical with efficiency, yet it results in unfair incomes, so it needs the latter's adjustment and supplement. Efficiency and fairness under socialist market-driven economy can be well coordinated through 'twice allocation ' and'two adjustment mechanisms'.