饮食习惯及生活方式与老年人糖耐量减低发病关系的研究

Association of Food Habit and Life Style with IGT in the Elderly

目的 探讨饮食习惯及生活方式对老年人糖耐量减低 (IGT)发病的影响。方法 接受健康体检的老年人 16 3例 ,其中IGT患者 80例、糖耐量正常 (NGT)者 83例 ,采用问卷调查方法 ,对有关饮食习惯和生活方式的 10项指标进行了调查 ,比较分析这些指标与IGT发病的关系。结果 IGT组 6 7.5 % (5 4 /89例 )患者所摄入的食物蛋白质成份以优质蛋白质为主 ,低于NGT组 (90 .4 % ,75 /83例 ) ,有显著性差异 (χ2 =12 .89,P <0 .0 1)。在 80例IGT患者中有 32例 (4 0 % )每日食肉量小于 10 0g,而 83例NGT者有 5 1例 (6 1.4 % )日食肉量小于 10 0g ,差异有显著性意义 (χ2 =2 9.99,P <0 .0 1)。分析个人生活习惯与IGT发病的关系 ,发现IGT组有 2 0 % (16 /80例 )患者的每日吸烟量多于 2 0支且持续吸烟一年以上 ,而NGT组仅有 8.4 % (7/83例 ) ,有显著性差异 (χ2 =4 .5 0 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 本组调查结果提示食物中优质蛋白质成份。

Objective To investigate the influence of food habit and life style on the incidence of IGT in the elderly.Methods A case-control study was performed in 80 patients with IGT and 83 patients with NGT. Ten factors about food habit and life style were investigated by questionnaire.Results Two factors were found to be associated with the incidence of IGT. The number of patients who mainly ingested high-grade protein in IGT group was significantly lower than that in NGT group(67.5% vs 90.4%,P<0 01). There were 40% patients in IGT group and 61.4% patients in NGT group who ingested meat less; the difference was significant between the two groups (P<0.01). As far as life style factors were concerned, only smoking was found to be associated with the incidence of IGT. There was significant difference in the percentage of patients between IGT group and NGT group who consumed more than 20 cigarettes daily (20% vs 8.4%,P<0.05).Conclusion This study shows that foods rich in high-grade protein, daily meat consumption and smoking may influence the incidence of IGT in the elderly, suggesting that instruction on food habit and life style is important for preventing IGT in the elderly.High-grade protein intake, less than 100 g daily meat consumption and restraint from cigarette smoking may be helpful for decreasing the incidence of IGT in the elderly.