老年脑梗死与颈动脉粥样硬化相关性研究及护理

Association between Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis and Cerebral Infarction in the Elderly

目的 通过对颈动脉内中膜厚度的检测 ,以探讨颈动脉粥样硬化病变发生率与脑梗死的关系。方法 采用B型超声测定颈动脉内中膜厚度和斑块指数。检测 130例 ,其中脑梗死组 6 5例 ,健康对照组 6 5例。结果 在脑梗死组 ,除颈动脉内中膜厚度明显大于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)外 ,颈动脉管腔直径无差异。动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率在两组中以球部为最高 ,其次为颈总动脉和颈内动脉。脑梗死组颈总动脉硬化发生率明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,脑梗死组中颈动脉硬化斑块指数亦较对照组高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度与脑梗死发生率呈正比 。

Objective To investigate the association between cerebral infarction and carotid artery atherosclerosis by using the intima-media thickness as the indicator.Methods Using B-mode ultrasonography, the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery was measured on 65 patients with cerebral infracting. Another 65 healthy subjects were used as control.Results The intima-media thickness was greater at common carotid artery. The intima-media thickness of the cerebral infract group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). Atherosclerotic plaques were found mostly in the carotid bifurcation and cerebral infarction segments.Carotid atherosclerosis was more prevalent in cerebral infarction patients as compared with control(P<0.001).Plaque index was higher in the cerebral infarction group as compared with normal subjects(P<0.01).Conclusion Severity of carotid atherosclerosis is positively correlated with the incidence of cerebral infarction,indicating that much attention should be paid to clinical nursing.