内质网相关蛋白的降解及其机制

Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Proteins Degradation

内质网相关蛋白降解(ER-associated protein degradation,或ER-associateddegradation,ERAD)是真核细胞蛋白质质量控制的重要途径,它承担着对错误折叠蛋白的鉴别、分检和降解,清除无功能蛋白在细胞内的积累。ERAD过程包括错误折叠蛋白质的识别、蛋白质从ER向细胞基质逆向转运和蛋白质在细胞基质中的降解三个步骤。ERAD与人类的某些疾病密切相关,有些病毒能巧妙利用ERAD逃遁宿主免疫监控和攻击。

Endoplasmic retimulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) is an important pathway for proteins quality control in eukaryotic cells. ERAD undertakes the identification, sorting and degradation of malfolded proteins or aberrant proteins to prevent toxification by the accumulation of misfloded proteins in ER. ERAD mainly includes three-step process: the first is the recognition of aberrant or malfolded ER proteins, in second step, degradation substrates are retrograde transported from the ER back into the cytoplasm, in the final step, aberrant proteins are degraded by the cytosolic ubiquitin/proteasome pathway. Some human diseases closely link ERAD and certain viruses are able to exploit the host ERAD machinery to escape the immune surveillance and attacking.